The origin of the gold and uranium ores of the Black Reef …
In this paper, we use a variety of analytical methods to determine the distribution of gold and uranium and associated minerals in the Black Reef, the mineralization style and …
Seismic imaging of deep‐seated gold deposit and host rocks …
This study aims to improve the imaging of the Ventersdorp Contact Reef gold‐bearing horizon (termed reef), a world‐class gold deposit (2 m thick) situated at depths between ∼2400 and ∼4100 m below the ground surface near South Deep Gold Mine in Fochville, South Africa. ... situated at depths between ∼2400 and ∼4100 m below the ...
Witwatersrand gold deposits formed by volcanic rain, anoxic …
New constraints on the auriferous Witwatersrand sediment provenance from combined detrital zircon U–Pb and Lu–Hf isotope data for the Eldorado Reef (Central Rand …
TauTona Gold Mine, Anglo Gold, South Africa
Geology and reserves. The TauTona mine was located within the West Witts area slightly south-west of Johannesburg in the north-west of South Africa. Two reef horizons were exploited at the West Wits operations: the …
Ivanhoe Mines Platreef Project – Game Changer in South Africa
Occasionally deposits are so big and so important we can apply the term – game changer.The Ivanhoe Mines (TSX:IVN), Platreef Platinum-Palldium-Rhodium– Gold (3PE+Au)* deposit is one such deposit. What makes it special is not the size of the deposit, which is a very impressive 630 million tonnes and covers an area equivalent to lower Manhattan, but its …
reef
1976 J. Van Der Colff Bible Route: Mozambique 45 I planned to remain in LM for one week before returning to the Reef (the gold-belt in the Transvaal Province of South Africa). 1986 E. Prov. Herald 19 Aug. 9 Down at the coast or up on the reef.
Geotechnical areas associated with the Ventersdorp …
The Journal of The South African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy MAY/JUNE 1999 157 Introduction The approximately 2800 Ma old (Armstrong et al., 1991) Ventersdorp Contact Reef (VCR) is one of the major South African gold bearing orebodies being mined along the northern and northwestern edge of the Witwatersrand Basin (Figure 1).
Gold mineralization within the Witwatersrand Basin, South Africa
The world-class Witwatersrand gold deposit in South Africa has produced some 50 000 tonnes of gold since mining began in the late 1880s (Robb & Robb 1998). ... evolution of the Witwatersrand Basin with special reference to the occurrence and character of the Ventersdorp Contact Reef. South African Journal of Geology, 97, 247-259. McCARTHY,T.S ...
Downloadable Material
General The following maps and documents may be freely downloaded and used by the public: Simplified Geological Map of South Africa (±A0 size) Mineral Maps Simplified Geological Map of South Africa (±A0 size) Bushveld Complex, South Africa - Simplified Geology and Selected Platinum, Chromite and Vanadium Deposits (±A4 size) Coal…
THE JOURNAL OF GEOLOGY
District, Transvaal, showing the gold-bearing conglomerate running diagonally across the picture. The speckled rock indicates the conglomerate. to flatten in depth, a dip of from 400 down to 200 or less being common at no great depth (Figs. 3, 4, and 5). The South Reef lies to the south of the Main Reef and is separated from it by intervening ...
The formation of gold deposits in South Africa
In this study, the scientists analysed samples from the Witwatersrand ore deposits with high-resolution scanning- and transmission-electron microscopes, and the processed their data using novel 2D and 3D …
A Major Archean, Gold- and Crust-Forming Event …
The 2.89- to 2.76-gigayear-old conglomerates of the Central Rand Group of South Africa host an immense concentration of gold. The gold and rounded pyrites from the conglomerates yield a rhenium-osmium isochron age …
The formation of gold deposits in South Africa
Reference: Sebastian H.J. Fuchs et al, Gold and uranium concentration by interaction of immiscible fluids (hydrothermal and hydrocarbon) in the Carbon Leader Reef, Witwatersrand Supergroup, South Africa, …
Geology of the PGE Deposits in the Bushveld …
Merensky Reef. The Merensky Reef has been the world's most important platinum resource since extraction began in 1928. The Merensky Reef can be traced for more than 280 km around the complex. It ranges in …
The origin of the gold and uranium ores of the Black Reef …
The Black Reef Formation is a laterally extensive sedimentary succession at the base of the Transvaal Supergroup. The quartz-pebble conglomerates host erratic concentrations of gold and uranium; however, in areas that are located spatially above the gold and uranium-bearing reefs of the Witwatersrand Supergroup, the concentrations can reach ore-grade.
Gold mineralization within the Witwatersrand Basin, …
The world-class Witwatersrand gold deposit in South Africa has produced some 50 000 tonnes of gold since mining began in the late 1880s (Robb & Robb 1998).
1 Penny
Gold Reef City is a theme park near Johannesburg, South Africa, that is located on the site of a gold mine that was closed in 1971. Everything within the attraction based on a vintage theme corresponding to the 1886 gold rush that led to the founding and …
ECONOMIC GEOLOGY RESEARCH UNIT
THE MINERALISATION AT ELANDSHOOGTE GOLD MINE, EASTERN TRANSVAAL, SOUTH AFRICA by M. HARLEY* and E.G. CHARLESWORTH (Economic Geology Research Unit, Department of Geology, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, P.O. Wits 2050, Johannesburg, South Africa, and *Geological Survey of South Africa, Private Bag X112,
The Ventersdorp contact reef; final phase of the …
South African Journal of Geology (1997) 100 (3): 213–222. Article history. First Online: 03 Mar 2017. Standard View; Cite. View This Citation; Add to Citation Manager; ... The Ventersdorp Contact Reef (VCR) is an Archaean conglomeratic gold placer, mined in the Carletonville, West Rand, and Klerksdorp goldfields of the Republic of South ...
Gold mineralization in Natal, South Africa
BuUen, W.D. 1991. Exploration model for Archaean gold in Natal, South Africa. In: Brazil Gold "91 - The Economics, Geology, Geochemistry and Genesis of Gold Deposits (Edited by Ladeira,E.A.) pp773-780. A.A. Balkema, Rotterdam, Netherlands. Gold mineralization in Natal, South Africa 109 Commissioner of Mines Reports for the years 1888 to 1909.
Geological Formation of South Africa
The Central Rand Group was rather special, however, because heavy grains of gold were periodically deposited on the river beds, along with the gravel. This created the richest gold field on Earth, containing nearly half of the planet's gold. Later, these gold-bearing conglomerate rock layers (called reefs) would be mined with spectacular success.
Remnant Mining in South African Gold Mines
Geology Bounded Remnant Reef. Reef. Geological . Structure. Schematic Diagram Illustrating ... This paper describes damage patterns for seismic events observed in South African gold mines. A ...
A borehole radar system for South African gold and …
A borehole radar system for South African gold and platinum mines Declan Vogt. Declan Vogt ... South African Journal of Geology 2006;; 109 (4): 521 ... Successful trials of borehole radar for delineating reef horizons on South African gold and platinum mines have led to the development of a borehole radar system specifically designed for ...
Western Areas Gold Mine In Gauteng, South Africa
weighted average of gold content in ore from vcr, elsburg massive reef and elsburg individual reef is 5. 0 g/mt. q-mat 5 = sand dumps mined by surface method. 1989 production = 429, 276 oz. gold from treating 3, 761, 329 mt ore. was updated for the 1992 gold availability study. 1991 production =371, 437 oz gold from treating 2, 200, 000 tns ore.
Constraints on the Geometry and Gold Distribution in the …
Despite being discovered in the 1880s, the Black Reef Formation remains the least explored and exploited gold-bearing formation in South Africa. In this study, we used seismic …
The stratigraphy, sedimentology and gold distribution of the …
David R. Young, Morris J. Viljoen; The stratigraphy, sedimentology and gold distribution of the VS5/Beatrix composite reef at H. J. Joel gold mine, Orange Free State, Goldfield, Republic of South Africa.
Crown City Deep Consolidated Main Reef Mines
main reef are three of south africa's oldest gold mines; each now in final production phase; mill. cap: 1. 0 mil. met. t/yr.; city deep: underground mining operations suspended november 1976. cons main reef: underground mining operations suspended august 1975, clean-up at each continues and crown mines nearing end of its production life.
A Major Archean, Gold- and Crust-Forming Event in the
The WSG, located in the Kaapvaal craton of South Africa (fig. S1), composes an ∼7-km-thick sequence of detrital terriginous sediments (2, 10) derived from the erosion of older granite-greenstone belts in fluvial deltaic settings ().The WSG is divided into a lower West Rand Group and an upper Central Rand Group (CRG), with gold production largely confined to the …
The Geology of South Africa
The Geology of South Africa Frederick Henry Hatch, George Steuart Corstorphine Full view - 1905. ... — "(1) The gold is practically confined to the matrix of the conglomerate, and occurs there in association with other minerals of secondary origin. The few rare cases in which we have seen gold in the pebbles were obviously . instances of ...
Gold Fields South Deep Gold Mine
The origins of the gold within the reefs is best described by the modified placer theory – which means that the gold was deposited by a river system and by gold-bearing secondary fluids that percolated through the orebody after deposition.